A part of the round tower from the first wall surrounding the city in the 13th century can still be seen next to the Herzogskasten. A brick wall with 87 towers, three kilometres in length and crowned with battlements and fortified gateways, was built around the growing city from 1363 and was later reinforced by bastions which were placed in front. Large parts of the second wall around the city, completed in 1430, have survived. The Kreuztor, the Münzbergturm, the Feldkirchener Tor and the Taschenturm are especially worth seeing.

The New Castle (Neues Schloss), which was used as an arsenal as far back as the 18th and 19th centuries, now houses the Bavarian Army Museum. The Altes Zeughaus arsenal is currently empty and the Army Museum's repair workshops are housed in the castle outbuildings.

Today, 17 richly decorated cannons in the castle courtyard reflect the scale of the weapons arsenal at that time. Two of the oldest of these exhibits belonging to the Bavarian Army Museum comprise a set of double cannons from the years 1524/25 which go by the names of "Scherer" and "Schererin". The first weighs 9,690 pounds, the second 9,395 pounds.

Like the magnificent towers and defences, the Glacis, part of the "Schanz" (a series of fortifications), is very much an integral feature of Ingolstadt's medieval cityscape. The wide green girdle that completely surrounds the Old Town was previously the field of fire that had to be kept free in front of the fortress complex. In today's more peaceful age, Ingolstadt's residents and visitors can all enjoy this green area, which is close to the city centre.

The redoubt is a semi-circular fortification that would have served as the royal family's last refuge in time of war, and guarded the bridgehead. It was named after Tilly, the Marshal of the Catholic League, who was wounded at the Battle of Rain against the Swedes in 1632. He died in Ingolstadt in what is now known as the Tilly House (the house of Prof. Rath) and his body was taken to Altötting. The redoubt as it stands today, by the fortifications architect Streiter, dates back to 1828 and follows the circular pattern promoted by Dürer. It is considered to be the first classical fortification, known as the Ludwigsfestung.

The First World War section of the Bavarian Army Museum is housed in Reduit Tilly. The area around Reduit Tilly was landscaped into a park for the 1992 State Flower Show in Ingolstadt and named after the court architect Leo von Klenze. Amid the magnificent fortress complex there are spacious open green areas, a maze made from plants and flowers, a children's playground, a beer garden and sensory gardens. Art exhibitions and other events are held in the Reithalle and the Exerzierhaus, the former riding hall and drill hall respectively.

The first section of the newly constructed regular fronts faced onto the Danube downstream. Of the many original buildings, only part of Dallwigk Cavalier, Heydeck Cavalier and the Neue Feldkirchener Tor have survived. The remaining buildings of Raglovich Front were demolished at the start of the 20th century to create space for the extension to the Royal Bavarian Ordnance Foundry.

The round water tower and the angular superstructure on top of the remains of Dallwigk Cavalier are conversions from the time the Ordnance Foundry was built. The foundations of the casemates in the main wall and the demolished half of the cavalier are visible. The green strip ("Glacis") still contains remnants of the counterscarp wall and the countermine system.

Further remnants of foundations can be found in the grounds of the University of Applied Sciences, such as the tip of the caponier of Raglovich Front. The riverbank battery (known by locals as the "railway battery") from 1870 is beyond the railway tracks. This battery was intended to protect the area around the railway bridge.

The Employment Office is housed in Heydeck Cavalier. It was converted into a barracks building as long ago as 1899/1900 and some of the field-facing embrasures were replaced by windows; the roof's earth covering was also removed. From the very earliest layout, the road led through the building's central axis. The former city gate, the "Neue Feldkirchener Tor" that stood in front of it now stands isolated. The main walls previously abutted it to the right and left. The wall is still preserved on one side. The Neue Feldkirchener Tor was designed by Leo von Klenze.

Rechberg Front was the second section of the newly constructed city walls and is the only section of the regular fronts in which the main wall and the casemate buildings in front are still partly preserved. On the left side of Rechberg Front, apart from Elbracht Cavalier only the foundations of the main wall and the buildings in front of it survive. During the construction of a sports ground for the school for physically handicapped children that is housed in Elbracht Cavalier, the foundations were uncovered and integrated into the landscaping. The cavalier itself has been superbly restored and houses the State Planning Department as well as the school.

The only remaining visible section of Vieregg Front, the fourth section of the city walls, is Hepp Cavalier. The Neue Kreuztor gate in front of Hepp Cavalier is part of Pappenheim Front.
Hepp Cavalier, which like the other preserved cavaliers has been restored to a very good condition, houses the City Museum, the city archives, Ingolstadt Toy Museum and other bodies. It appears as in the time of its use as a barracks, in other words the building now has large windows on all sides. There were originally only embrasures for guns and infantry weapons on the side facing the enemy.
Now only Zweibrücken Cavalier still has embrasures on the field sides. Large windows were installed in the other cavaliers during their conversion into barracks in around 1900 and the original earth mounds on the roof were removed.

Butler Front is the first part of the irregular fronts, which were of a simpler construction than the regular fronts due to the originally marshy nature of the ground in front of them, but also for reasons of cost. Substantial portions of these fronts survive: the section of the main wall as far as the present-day Scherbelberg, large sections of the earthworks, the caponier (now known as Front 79), the Künettegraben ditch (the water defences in front) and several blockhouses along the Künettegraben.
The caponier is now used as a youth centre and events location. One of the blockhouses has been converted for use by a beer garden and the other two are used by a bird breeders' association. The casemates of the main wall have been incorporated into the open-air swimming pool, which is on the site of Butler Front.

Mainly the forward-most sections of Preysing Front are preserved. Battery 94 (now a pub) is located picturesquely in the Künettegraben. The flanking battery has been incorporated into the changing rooms of the ice-skating arena. The main wall located further back was demolished along with Münzberg Cavalier sometime after 1910 (the covered way in front as recently as 1961). However the postern of the main wall still exists and was incorporated into a new building belonging to the Christoph Scheiner Grammar School.

Streiter Front consisted of the Turm Triva tower (Structure 104), an earth-covered main wall with a flanking battery leading down to the Danube and a ditch protected by a caponier.

The Turm Triva houses the Bavarian Police Museum of Ingolstadt. The flanking battery is now home to a restaurant with beer garden. Of an evening you can dine under its historical vaults, or soak up the sun and enjoy the view of the Turm Triva in the beer garden. Although the main wall has lost its facing masonry on the "enemy-facing" side, the vaults can be viewed on one of the tours that occasionally take place. Only the caponier has vanished altogether; the sole remaining evidence of it is the tip of the foundations along the edge of a footpath.